Human papillomavirus disease burden, cancer causation evidence, vaccine efficacy data, and current recommendations.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. Certain high-risk strains cause nearly all cervical cancers and significant proportions of other cancers.
Highly effective vaccines protect against the high-risk HPV strains that cause most cervical and other cancers.
Protects against 9 HPV types (6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58). Covers 90% of cervical cancers.
Protects against 2 high-risk types (16, 18). Covers ~70% of cervical cancers.
Protects against 4 types (6, 11, 16, 18). No longer distributed in US (replaced by Gardasil 9).
| Vaccine | CIN2+ Prevention | Type-Specific Efficacy |
|---|---|---|
| Gardasil 9 | 97-100% | 96-99% (for covered types) |
| Cervarix | 93% | >99% for types 16/18 |
| Gardasil 4 | 98-100% | 100% for types 6/11/16/18 |
CIN2+ = Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (precancerous lesions)
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